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设备管理与维护 张乾·浅析锅炉水冷壁泄漏的成因及应对措施
Analysis of causes and countermeasures of
boiler water-cooled wall leakage
Zhang Qian
(Bluestar Engineering Co. LTD., Beijing 100143, China)
Abstract: Boilers produce high quality steam and hot water and are an essential and important piece
of equipment for many factories and power plants, however, boilers often fail in operation, resulting in boiler
accidents and abnormal shutdowns. The boiler tube burst accident is the most common fault among all
accidents. Water-cooled wall tube leakage, tube burst, the boiler will be forced to unscheduled shutdown for
maintenance, not only to reduce the economic benefits of enterprises, but also to the seriousness of the plant
and the safety of the power plant to bring great potential danger. This paper mainly discusses the water-
cooled wall tube leakage, pipe burst of a series of reasons and countermeasures, in the hope of reducing
and avoiding the occurrence of accidents.
Key words: boiler; tube burst; analysis; measures
(R-03)
倍耐力第三季度销售受阻
Pirelli's the third-quarter sales suffer
11 月 9 日,倍耐力公司报告了第三季度销售业绩。受到土耳其和阿根廷轮胎销量低、运营成本、货币效应和
恶性通货膨胀的影响,第三季度调整后息税前利润同比下降 2.5%,至 2.65 亿欧元(约合人民币 20.7 亿元),销
售额下降 6.2%,为 17.2 亿欧元(约合人民币 134.5 亿元)。
报告指出,较低的销售数字反映出整体销量下降了 4.6%,虽然替换胎销量增长了 2%,但同时,原配胎业务
下降了 1%。
倍耐力指出,原配胎的下降尤其是由于欧洲市场的 “ 更大选择性 ”,以及去年中国新冠疫情后复苏后不利的
原因。此外,倍耐力持续减少标准 17 英寸及更小轮胎的使用量,这也影响了产量。
在收益方面,价格 / 组合和运营效率在第三季度分别贡献了 1.04 亿欧元和 3 100 万欧元。但这些收益被生产
成本增加带来的 4 900 万欧元负面影响、外汇兑换带来的 6 350 万欧元影响和产量下降带来的 3 600 万欧元影响
所抵消。
与此同时,原材料成本下降带来的 2 200 万欧元收益被 “ 摊销和其他成本 ” 增加带来的 1 500 万欧元负面影
响部分抵消,导致三季度利润下滑。
摘编自 “ 世界橡胶展 ”
(R-03)
年
2023 第 49 卷 ·63·