Page 64 - 《橡塑技术与装备》2019年8期（4月下半月塑料）

橡塑技术与装备（塑料） CHINA RUBBER/PLASTICS TECHNOLOGY AND EQUIPMENT (PLASTICS)

Preparation of core-shell polystyrene hollow microspheres

Zhang Xiaohong
(Shaanxi Jintai Chlor-Alkali Chemical Co. LTD., Yulin 718100, Shaanxi, China)
Abstract: In this paper, a new method for preparing large size (millimeter scale) core-shell and hollow
microspheres was studied. PS microspheres were prepared by suspension polymerization, then core-shell
microspheres were coated by adsorption, and hollow microspheres were prepared. The core of this method
was to balance the dissolution of polymer monomers and prepolymers in solvents and the adsorption on the
surface of template polymer, so that the polymer could be coated on the surface of template without serious
swelling of template. The size and shell thickness of microspheres could be adjusted by using different size
templates, monomers with different concentrations and coating times. The optimum technological conditions
for coating large-sized microspheres were: water: 4 mL; SDS: 0.05 g; ethanol: 2 mL; DMSO: 9 mL; temperature:
75℃ ; MMA: 0.6 mL; time: about 90 min. The optimum technological conditions for coating small-sized micr
ospheres were: water: 2 mL; absolute ethanol: 1 mL; DMSO: 4.5 mL; SDS: 0.01 g; MMA: 0.2 mL; temperature:
75℃ ; time: about 90 min. The optimum technological conditions for suspension polymerization of styrene were
as follows: fixed monomer volume: styrene: 2.0 mL; dispersant: 1.25 g; initiator benzoyl peroxide (BPO): 0.06 g;
reaction temperature: 80℃; reaction time: about 90 min. The diameter of hollow microspheres ranged from 0.3
to 3 mm.
Key words: hollow microspheres; suspension polymerization; core-shell structure; shell thickness; coating
process
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美国新工艺有望让饮料瓶回收“升级 ”
New US technology is expected to make beverage bottle recycling "upgrade"

美国科学家设计出一种高效、绿色的塑料再利用方法，有望将饮料瓶、涤纶衣物和电器配件上的聚酯材料转
化为价值更高的 “ 玻璃钢 ”。
这项发表在美国《焦耳》杂志上的研究显示，美国能源部国家可再生能源实验所的研究团队将回收的聚对苯
二甲酸乙二醇酯 (PET) 与源自植物的单聚分子相结合，生产出两种 “ 纤维增强塑料 (FRP)” 或称 “ 玻璃钢 ”，其价
值是 PET 的 2~3 倍，拥有巨大的潜在市场前景。
PET 是一种硬度高、轻质且防水的常用塑料，大部分饮料瓶就由这种塑料制成。虽然 PET 可回收利用，但
多数以填埋方式处理，需数百年才能实现生物降解，回收利用不足的主要原因之一是再生产品价值低，且只能再
利用一次或两次。
研究论文作者之一、美国国家可再生能源实验所高级研究员格雷格 · 贝克哈姆说，标准的 PET 回收基本上是
“ 降级回收 ”，而新工艺则能实现 “ 升级回收 ”，将 PET 转化为耐用且高价值的复合材料，有望用于汽车配件、涡
轮叶片或冲浪板和滑雪板等产品中。
研究人员预计，生产这种再生材料比传统回收工艺节省 57% 的能源，比标准的纤维增强塑料生产工艺少排放
40% 的温室气体。
但研究显示，这种工艺还处于实验室研究阶段，研究人员还需测试它能否扩展为工业规模生产。未来他们还
希望使再生材料本身也可以回收，目前这种材料可使用多年但尚不可回收。

摘编自 “ 新华网”
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